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View Actual EPA Method 410.1 (PDF File)
EPA Method 410.1:Chemical Oxygen Demand by Titrimetry. Official Name: Chemical Oxygen Demand (Titrimetric, Mid-Level)
Summary:Organic and oxidizable substances in the sample are oxidized by potassium dichromate in 50% sulfuric acid solution at reflux temperature. Silver sulfate is used as a catalyst and mercuric sulfate is added to remove chloride interference. The excess dichromate is titrated with standard ferrous ammonium sulfate using orthophenanthroline ferrous complex as an indicator.
Scope:This method determines chemical oxygen demand; the quantity of oxygen required to oxidize organic matter in a waste sample.
Citation:Methods for the Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes (MCAWW) (EPA/600/4-79/020)
Interferences:(A) Contamination: Trace organics from glassware or the atmosphere can cause gross positive error. Run blanks through glassware to eliminate trace organics.(B) Volatiles: Volatile organics may be lost when the temperature rises during the addition of sulfuric acid. To minimize loss, cool the sample flask during the addition of sulfuric acid.(C) Chlorides: Chlorides are quantitatively oxidized by dichromate and represent a positive interference. Mercuric sulfate is added to the digestion flask to complex chlorides and eliminate the interference.
QC Requirements:None.
Maximum Holding Time:28 Days (MCAWW, Table 1).
Media:WATER
Subcategory:Organic
Concentration:50 mg/L or higher.
Sample Prep:None.
Precision:Precision and accuracy values were calculated using interlaboratory data from EPA-managed Water Pollution (WP) performance evaluation studies.
Detection:None.
Revision Number:Issued 1971; Editorial Revision 1978